10 Tips for Crowdfunding a Novel Practical Ideas and Pointers from an Unbound Author

10 Tips for Crowdfunding a Novel Practical Ideas and Pointers from an Unbound Author Im the co-creator of another comic novel, Kitten on a Fatberg, which is as of now crowdfunding on Unbound. Unbound utilizations an alternate model to the customary distributing one. Basically, a books author(s) need to raise a specific measure of through pre-requested duplicates before the book goes into creation. When that occurs, Unbound handles advancement and dispersion. Also, in light of the fact that the distributer has concealed its costs front, the installment bargain isnt a sovereignty rate however a 50:50 benefit share. Another bit of leeway of this methodology is that the distributer gets the opportunity to perceive what kind of interest there is for a specific title, and who the market is. At the hour of composing, were right now 31 percent subsidized. Here are a portion of the numerous things weve learned en route Dont botch crowdfunding for vanity distributing. Getting acknowledged Comprehend your possible base. With crowdfunding, you have two objective crowds †the individuals who know YOU (family, companions, associates) and those intrigued by the book (who may not know you by any means). Concentrate your endeavors on the main gathering. Work your system. Past your internal circle, you have parts more associations you could approach: previous partners, old school companions, web-based social networking contacts. These individuals are for the most part simpler to enthusiasm than outsiders since you are a referred to amount, inasmuch as you approach them with care. Get your methodology right. There is nobody right approach to move toward individuals, however a customized message is basic. Some instruction about crowdfunding might be valuable. Cleverness can be powerful. Most importantly, nothing too hard sell. Dont ask. Abstain from surrounding your inquire as to whether you are looking for gifts. You are selling a book, not requesting a gift. Keep away from the impulse to bunch and-impact. Dont simply email every one of your contacts in one go. Far superior to send a bunch of messages each day, beat and followed with an individual message. Investigate press and PR choices. For our situation weve composed a progression of articles on essayists web journals, in artistic magazines, and in the nearby press. Where theres an expense for an article, we put that towards our objective as well. Be sharp about internet based life. Find various approaches to spread you message. Request influencers in your reality to help spread the news. In the event that youve been distributed Work those prods. Individuals regularly need to hear a message three or multiple times till they follow up on it. So discover approaches to inconspicuously remind individuals about your book †add a message to your email signature, share reports on Facebook, set up flyers in neighborhood bistros and bookshops †the more inventive your thoughts, the better. Show restraint. Crowdfunding is a long distance race, not a run. There will be days when you get whirlwinds of intrigue †particularly close to the start †and days when nothing occurs, regardless of your earnest attempts. Everything you can do is continue stopping ceaselessly, continue messaging, continue considering better approaches to contact individuals

IAS 18 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

IAS 18 - Assignment Example As indicated by IAS 18, income is essentially the gross inflow of money related advantages (receivables, money, and different resources) radiating from the ordinary working exercises of an efficient (deals of administrations, deals of products, sovereignties, profits and premium) (Elliott and Elliott 2013 ). As needs be, a trade for administrations or products of a practically identical worth and nature isn't considered as an exchange that yields income. However, trades for divergent merchandise and enterprises are considered as income age. Question Two IAS 18 frameworks the supporting standards for the acknowledgment rules for Revenue in three distinct parts. Distinguish every one of the three sections and examine the acknowledgment standards for each part. Basing on the above proclamation, there is a disparate methodology taken to the acknowledgment or acknowledgment of income especially from the administrations that have been given ( Holt, Tweedie, and Richard 2013). To put it plainly, rather than understanding the income at one point, for example, the offer of products, it ought to be acknowledged step by step. As per IAS 18, so as to evaluate the result of an exchange dependably the accompanying conditions are met: IAS 18 shows the need to gauge income at the reasonable estimation of the thought got (Greuning 2001). Notwithstanding, for the situation where the thought or installment is conceded, the plan will comprise the substance of the exchange and a financing exchange. In such circumstances, the sum receivable is arranged into: The key difficulties related with the executing of IAS 18 Revenue is that its standards for income acknowledgment are very wide. Moreover, under IAS 18, there is lucidity on the best way to perceive income. Proficient bodies have presented the guideline of IFRS 15 ( Bragg 2011). With this rule, a business perceives income to show the exchange of administrations or merchandise to customers. Moreover, it mirrors the installment to

Meant to Be

Meant to Be These first 3 weeks at MIT can best described as a whirlwind of new faces, parties, spontaneous fun activities, late-night chats, pset-induced stress (yes, already), and of course free food. Already, many notable events have happened in my life. I experienced the best FPOP ever aka DPD, travelled to all parts of Boston in a mere 4 hours, had fun at REX events, survived a hurricane, visited too many club booths at the activities midway, enjoyed a free steak and lobster dinner (yes, the free food around here isnt limited to pizza), spent a night in the New England Aquarium, and finished my first MIT pset. As you can imagine, its been hard to devote my precious minutes to blogging merely because Im at MIT and there are ALWAYS amazing things happening on campus. Nevertheless, my love for the blogs and the people who read the blogs brings me here to my computer on a beautiful afternoon. Last Friday marked the end of my first full week of classes at MIT. Despite the fact that Ive only been here for a couple days, these are general things that I have noticed about MIT and myself. Lets start off with a quick biology question:Q: Whats the best way to entice an MIT student to go do something? A: Free food! Almost every one of the 100s of emails advertising activities at MIT have mentioned free food (this makes freshmen 15 unavoidable). Anyways the point is that I feel that at almost any time at MIT on campus, there is free food lurking about somewhere. I think in numbers. The other day, I called one of my friends back home. This is how our conversation went down:Friend: What classes are you taking? Me: 7.012, 8.01, 18.02, 3.986 -Awkward Silence- Me: Oh right that makes no sense to you Ive realized that those numbers which made no sense to me a mere 2 weeks ago have now officially been internalized. They grow on you. (For those of you curious, in order my classes are: Intro Biology, Physics I: Classical Mechanics, Calc II, and Intro to Archaeology) Psets are like siblings. You love them because you know theyll be helpful to you one day in the future, but you hate them because you have to put up with them until they become useful. Haha. Just kidding. I have a younger brother that I love dearly (: But really MIT PSETS ARE HARD. Helpful, but HARD. Its absolutely true that they encourage collaboration here via psets. The people here are shocking. In a good way. Every person that Ive met here has done some amazing things or is incredibly talented in some spectacular way. Together, we make up a diverse class which makes for an amazing culture of intellectual stimulation and enlightenment. Im always learning new things from other classmates, and theyre so happy to teach others about their hobbies/passions. Lastly, the friends you make here make every stressful moment worth it. Whenever youre feeling stressed about the millions of things that you have due tomorrow, there are ALWAYS people there to help you feel better. There are those friends who are in the same boat with you and spend hours crammed in your tiny room trying to solve the hard problems together and occasionally doing something really awkward that causes everyone to laugh so hard they cant stop laughing. Then there are those geniuses (who I liken to Superman and Wonder Women) who, having already finished all their psets for this week are waiting for the newest psets to come out, come in your hour of distress to save the day! Lastly, there are your dormmates who will randomly decide to bust into your room and drag you out to go play wiffle ball in the halls These are the moments when I know I was meant to be here. Finding your fit, as Connie talked about, is about finding where you feel comfortable because you relate to others around you or aspire to become like those around you. Every day Ive been at MIT so far, Ive had both those feelings. I know MIT is home, a place where I belong. After all some things are meant to be.

Bernard Madoff s The Ponzi Scheme - 853 Words

Being an investor and investment adviser, Bernard Madoff started off his career as a legitimate and successful businessman also serving as chairman of NASDAQ for several years. Being well respected and unfortunately blindly trusted, Bernard Madoff began to collect investors and clients into his now know Ponzi scheme. Bernard Madoff’s scheme was simply to continually pay high returns to existing clients with the funds brought in by new investors without undertaking in any form of legitimate investment activity. Bernard Madoff was able use his reputation and connections on Wall Street to deceived investors out of billions of dollars by promising high returns with little to no work on their part. They figured it was an easy win on their part, which was ultimately their downfall. Bernard Madoff and even many of his investors and accomplices lacked the desire to demonstrate social responsibility. Solely for the profit, Bernie Madoff and his accomplices created and participated in what can be considered the greatest Ponzi scheme in history. It’s believe that the reason that the scheme went on as long as it did was because the participants were financially rewarded for their silence. Preferred employees were paid well and it bought their silence and loyalty. There was little need or appreciation for honesty and professional business ethics with Madoff and his accomplices when it came to their organization. â€Å"Trust and a good reputation are some of your company’s most valuableShow MoreRelatedBernard Madoff s Ponzi Scheme947 Words   |  4 PagesI am baffled as to how long Bernard Lawrence Madoff’s Ponzi scheme lasted. He started Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC in the summer of 1960, and did not get caught until he turned himself in on December 10, 2008. There are several things he did to keep himself from getting caught, and several things that could have been done to figure out something odd was happening. Two major points aside from the questions that I’m doing to dive into are that Friehling was not independent and theRead MoreBernard Madoff s The Ponzi Scheme Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesIntro/Overview Bernard Madoff ran the worlds largest ponzi schemes; he lost investors approximately seventeen billion dollars in principle. The following report goes through the events in general from begging to end including a description of the fraud committed, the stakeholders involved and the consequences for them, the role of the auditors and finally the outcome for those held responsible for the ponzi scheme. The organisation, time and place Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLCRead MoreThe Enron And Enron s Scams, The Ponzi Scheme Perpetrated By Bernard Madoff Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesten years only, we have seen numerous situations associated with collaborative scams which have shaken the people s trust in businesses and also the general economic climate. A few of the many salient frauds are the WorldCom and Enron s scams, the ponzi scheme perpetrated by Bernard Madoff s, the latest accusations of Goldman Sachs tricking option traders to guarantee the company s personal profit. Incidents such as these designed us all, as upcoming corporation professionals as well as marketRead MoreFinancial Crisis Of 2008 Struck The World1398 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness scams and schemes that became exposed, creating a colossal uproar and unrest around the world. When the stock market collapsed, people all across America took a hit, with 2.4 trillion dollars of the Americans people’s savings vanishing in just a f ew weeks. This financial crisis also brought to light an unprecedented amount of fraud, over exposing people who were cutting corners. One of the most famous scams that surfaced in late 2008 was operated and executed by Bernard Madoff, in which he perpetratedRead MoreA Report On The Ponzi Scheme1627 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary This report provides a breakdown and assessment of the Ponzi scheme run by American swindler and former stockbroker, investment advisor, and financier Bernard â€Å"Bernie† Madoff. The research draws attention to the biggest fraudulent scheme in U.S. history, emphasizing the use of the so-called Ponzi scheme. Madoff used a variety of techniques that made it difficult to disclose the scam. At the end of each month Madoff sold all stocks and financial instruments so that the hedge fund onlyRead MoreBernard Lawrence Madoff s Life1407 Words   |  6 PagesLawrence â€Å"Bernie† Madoff, American fraudster and a former stockbroker, investment advisor, and financier, born on April 29, 1938. His birth place in Queens, New York. His Birth name â€Å"Bernard Lawrence Madoff.† He was raised in a Jewish family with two siblings. His Mom Sylvia was a daughter of Romanian and Austrian immigrants and a housewife. His parents Ralph and Sylvia Madoff. His father Ralph, a child o f Polish immigrants. And worked as a plumber for many years. In 1932, his parents got marriedRead MoreCase Study : Bernard Madoff Ponzi Scheme957 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment #1- Ethics Paper Bernard Madoff Ponzi Scheme Bernard Lawrence Madoff was born April 29th 1938 (Editors, 2016) in Queens, New York (Editors, 2016). In 1960 Bernard established Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC (contributions, 2015) a stock brokerage firm on Wall Street. Bernard borrowed $50,000 (Editors, 2016) from his wife’s parents, his father-in-law being a retired CPA and contributing to Bernard’s new firm made it very attractive for investors (Editors, 2016). The firm beganRead MoreBernard Madoff the Fraud of the Century746 Words   |  3 PagesThe Fraud of the Century The Case of Bernard Madoff Summary of the case In December 2008, the highly respected American businessman Bernard Madoff made the headlines when the US authorities accused him of orchestrating a $65 billions Ponzi scheme which is the biggest financial frauds of all time and made of him â€Å" The Conman of the Century†. Bernard Madoff also called   Bernie is a former American businessman, stockbroker, investment advisor, financier and the former non-executiveRead MoreMadoff s Personal And Business Asset Freeze972 Words   |  4 Pagesfinancier, Madoff convinced thousands of investors to hand over their savings, falsely promising consistent profits in return. He was caught in December 2008 and charged with 11 counts of fraud, money laundering, perjury, and theft. Madoff used a so-called Ponzi scheme, which lures investors in by guaranteeing unusually high returns. The name originated with Charles Ponzi, who promised 50% returns on investments in only 90 days. Investigators have determined others were involved in the scheme. SecuritiesRead MoreBernie Madoff Apa Paper1300 Words   |  6 PagesBernard Lawrence â€Å"Bernie† Madoff Shamele Jones Strayer University ENG 215 Professor Erica Ellsworth August 05, 2011 Thesis Bernie Madoff was one of the most prolific Ponzi-scheme artists in history. Madoff schemes netted him millions of dollars. Mr. Madoff used his BMIS Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities a New York Limited Liability company, to commit fraud, money laundering, and perjury. This is just a few things that Mr. Bernard Madoff has done to many innocent investors, who

Resolved Collective Bargaining Rights Assignment

Essays on Resolved Collective Bargaining Rights Assignment The paper "Resolved Collective Bargaining Rights" is a wonderful example of an assignment on management. What are some reasons why workers want to join unions in the public sector? The recent years have witnessed a remarkable market rise in the number of public employees demand to join unions or the public sector. At the same time, public employees have also intensified the demand to act and organize collectively through employee organizations that they choose for themselves. The reasons for this demand are set on the rights of workers so as to avoid labor strife, to ensure the efficiency, and the continuity of the local government and the state, to secure economic stability, as well as develop a harmonious relationship between the employees and the public employer (Wellington and Winter 101). These goals are set to be achieved by the union security provisions by reducing the potential conflicts among public employees, as well as that which can occur between public employees and their employers. The unions in the public sector also set arrangements that tend to stabilize the labor relations between the public sector and their employers. However, there can be potential biases that exist in these directions. For this reason, it is extremely imperative to keep in mind the reasons for understating the relative strengths that may occur in the public sector unionism (Wellington and Winter 120).What is an effective budget strategy for unions?The effective budgeting strategy helps in efficient management of money. Viewing personal budgeting and budgeting for unions is a realistic assessment for living standards. This is attributed to the fact that unions are supposed to set their financial goals, such as pensions, savings, among others. They should also focus on what is set to be addressed. This makes an analysis of the financial requirements vital in financial coalitions (Wellington and Winter 207). There should be a shared mission, vision, and action plans as part of an effective budget strategy for unions. This shared financial commitment helps in communication and decision making.

Hitler in His Mind Free Essays

Adolf Hitler was known to be a somewhat of monster, and a villian, which is true in the opinions of quite a few throughout history. What Hitler accomplished is astonishing, he was a brilliant man who knew how manipulate people and their way of thinking. But, what is most intriguing about Hitler is his personality and disturbed mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Hitler: in His Mind or any similar topic only for you Order Now Robert G. L. Wiate and his book titled The Psychopathis God: Adolf Hitler discusses Hitler and his personality triats that led to his outrageous ideas and actions. Waite as a author is able to not create a judgement of Hitler and his and write more about Hitler as a person and why he was the way he was. Hitler had many issues that disturbed his mind, such as, his past and childhood experiences, his enourmous amount of phobias and obsessions that consumed his mind, his sexual experiences and his behavior toward sex, and of course the most well known personal hatred toward Jews. Skipping around a little bit in Waite’s book, in Chapter 3, Waite discussed Hitler’s childhood and family history. Hitler’s childhood experiences led to his later on in life obsessions and phobias that were to consume his thinking. Waite is able to find the facts about his childhood to help explain how Hitler’s mind became warped into his way of thinking. Hitler’s childhood was full of death and, abandonment and bad habits. These experiences help explain why he became a vegetarian, his fascination with death and suicide as well as his phobia of being alone. All of these personality triats he became known for were due to his childhood experiences and lifestyle. In my opinion, Hitler’s psychological traits were due to his past. While a boy in Vienna, he was mocked and riduculed. As a child he was strickened with the death of his mother. These types of experiences can create major personality malfunctions later in life. In the first chapter, Waite discusses Hitler’s personality traits and his odd obsessions and daily way of living. One issue that would amaze any reader of Waite’s book is learning about Hitler and his actual ways of thinking rather than just what his factual actions as one of the greatest leaders and manipulator of all time. What is so astonishing is how someone ith such odd obsessions, such as the exact measurements of a body and proportion and positioning of the body, or his obsession with blood and his childish behavior as an adult. Wait’s evidence on Hitler’s manipulating skills is impressive. Waite decribes Hitler as being a man who would use â€Å"brotherhood† and shared experiences to convince people that what they were doing to the Jewish population was alright. In my opinion, Hitler’s psychological explanations for his behavoir is simple. He was a man who was set in his ways and when his way of how life should be ran and lived, he created another obsession in his mind to conquer that obstacle. Unfortunately for Hitler, his past experiences led to his thinking to be irrational and almost manic like. He would use his hatred for his fathers death caused by use of tabacco, as a way to lead a clean life, which in reality is a habit to form, but unfortunately for Hitler, this â€Å"clean† way of living, lead to a more toxic and harmful environment for himself. Waite describes Hitler as using his bad memories as a child to fix what he felt was wrong with society, unfortunately for Hitler, his mind went out of control to be controlling, and â€Å"perfect†. As far as Hitler and women, he looked at them as their primary purpose to be looked at like a pet. He is quoted to have said â€Å"A woman must be a cute, cuddly, naive little thing—tender, sweet and stupid†, if you read into this statement Hitler made, he expected women to be like trained animals. His sexual experiences were very limited. He was intimate with six different women in his life five of which committed suicide. Hitler had a way of making the women feel inferior and if Adolf was not in their lives then they should not be living their lives at all. Waite describes his sexual and intimate life in contrast with his lack of a motherly figure throughout his entire life. Hitler felt that women were irrational and not capable of being a leader because of women having more of emotional personalities. Hitler’s sexual behavior toward women and sex in general does indicate that this side of his personality wa disturbed. Since reading Waite’s book about Adolf Hitler and his personality and psychological state, a perspective has been put into place for myself concerning Hitler and his terrible actions later in life. This book, puts into perspective just how disturbed and unstable Hitler really was. The question that comes to mind is how can such a manic, unstable, psychologically disturbed man, create such a following of people. The only conclusion that comes to my mind is sheer ignornace of Hitler’s capabilities as leader. The people who supported and followed Hitler were people who benefitted from his actions and power. Waite is able to write a book about Hitler that is interesting and informative about Hitler’s psychological standpoint, which helps make you as the reader understand Hitler’s thinking and exactly how much of his decision making was based on his insanity and obsessions that consumed him. How to cite Hitler: in His Mind, Papers

Symphony free essay sample

The call (major or minor), and more specifically the 3rd note, determines whether the chords played will give off a brighter cheerier sound, or a darker sadder sound. The song starts off with a repeating fast and quiet back and forth sound by the violins, this Is the beat. Then the melody kicks In, with a succession of many pitches going at a very fast pace. After about 15 seconds the harmony Is apparent and starts to overpower the song. The harmony, which is a vertical relationship of two or more pitches together, along with the melody which is a succession of pitches that stand UT, create a fast-pace and thrilling mood.From the beginning of the song up until hen the harmony and melody are apparent, I feel as though I could be on a merry- go-round, starting off slow and eventually reaching a very high speed. This is the affective-reactive meaning the song has on me. We will write a custom essay sample on Symphony or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It evokes emotions of thrill including high speeds, even fear and suspense, as if I was being chased by someone or something. In this piece the instruments being used (that I know of) are the strings, which consist of violins, violas, cliffs, and double basses, oboes, bassoons (horns), flutes, ND clarinets.Each category of instruments (strings or horns) stands out at certain times. I especially enjoy the flutes and clarinets part, when the strings will either stop playing completely or Just get quieter. I believe this piece projects imaginary involvement, because it depicts a: fast, to slow, to a fast/slow dance, to a fast pace. It is constantly going up and down on the scale and is not similar to a lot of other pieces by Mozart himself. Almost a minute into the song, there is a pause, in this time the music went from being very fast and up-beat to slower almost dancing music.At this point I imagine a boy chasing a girl and theyre In love, but when the music transitions after the break from fast and upbeat to slow and calm, the boy caught the girl and they were happy and enjoying one anothers company. This piece was written between the classical and the Romantic era In the sasss. Romanticism does not necessarily refer to romantic love but during the romantic era In music, love was a prevalent topic In many works Including music and literature. Throughout the entire song, It Is hard for me to think of anything but love and romance. Not Just any type of love either but new love, which Is excellent and wild, I Sis I knew what Mozart Intentions were when composing this piece In order for me to get a better understanding of his music. Symphony No. 40 (1 SST Movement)-Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ay Halley ere reason I chose Mozart Symphony No. 40 (1st movement) is because it really Infinite. I enjoy listening to this piece because it gives Off fun and warm vibe at times sounding playful and fast but then it takes on a warmer and somewhat the volume down because the pitch of the violins is so powerful and high.I believe his is because this specific Symphony was composed and performed in G minor. The Chords played will give off a brighter cheerier sound, or a darker sadder sound. The song starts off with a repeating fast and quiet back and forth sound by the violins, this is the beat. Then the melody kicks in, with a succession of many pitches going at very fast pace. After about 1 5 seconds the harmony is apparent and starts to Nee the harmony and melody are apparent, I feel as though I could be on a merry- consist of violins, violas, cellos, and double basses, oboes, bassoons (horns), flutes,Involvement, because it depicts a: fast, to slow, to a fast/slow dance, to a fast pace. It this point I imagine a boy chasing a girl and theyre in love, but when the music This piece was written between the classical and the Romantic era in the sasss. In music, love was a prevalent topic in many works including music and literature. Roughest the entire song, it is hard for me to think of anything but love and romance. Not Just any type of love either but new love, which is exciting and wild. I Knish I knew what Mozart intentions were when composing this piece in order for me to get better understanding of his music.

The Life Of Mao Zedong Essays - Chinese Communists, Free Essays

The Life Of Mao Zedong Essays - Chinese Communists, Free Essays The Life Of Mao Zedong The Life of Mao Zedong Dressed in the drab military uniform that symbolized the revolutionary government of Communist China, Mao Zedong's body still looked powerful, like an giant rock in a gushing river. An enormous red flag draped his coffin, like a red sail unfurled on a Chinese junk, illustrating the dualism of traditional China and the present Communist China that typified Mao. 1 A river of people flowed past while he lay in state during the second week of September 1976. Workers, peasants, soldiers and students, united in grief; brought together by Mao, the helmsman of modern China. 2 He had assembled a revolutionary government using traditional Chinese ideals of filial piety, harmony, and order. Mao's cult of personality, party purges, and political policies reflect Mao's esteem of these traditional Chinese ideals and history. Mao was born on December 26, 1893 in Shao Shan, a village in Hunan Province. 3 His family lived in a rural village where for hundreds of years the pattern of everyday life had remained largely unbroken. 4 Mao's father, the son of a poor peasant, during Mao's childhood however, prospered and become a wealthy land owner and rice dealer. 5 Yet, the structure of Mao's family continued to mirror the rigidity of traditional Chinese society. His father, a strict disciplinarian, demanded filial piety. 6 Forced to do farm labor and study the Chinese classics, Mao was expected to be obedient. On the other hand, Mao remembers his mother was generous and sympathetic. 7 Mao urged his mother to confront his father but Mao's mother who believed in many traditional ideas replied that was not the Chinese way. 8 Mao in his interviews with historian Edgar Snow reports how during his childhood he tried to escape this traditional Chinese upbringing by running away from home. The rebellion Mao claims to have manifested might have distanced Mao physically from his family but, traditional Chinese values were deeply ingrained, shaping his political and personal persona. His father's harshness with dealing with opposition, his cunning, his demand for reverence from subordinates, and his ambition were to be seen in how Mao demanded harmony, order, and reverence as a ruthless dictator. Yet, Mao, was also the kindly father figure for the people of China, as manifested in characteristic qualities of Mao's mother: kindness, benevolence, and patriarchal indulgence. The China that Mao was born into was fast becoming a shell of its former past. The Ch'ing dynasty which had ruled China for 250 years was only 14 years away from its collapse. 9 Peasant rebellions, famines, and riots heralded its failing. For Mao, one particular event when he was just ten years old, left a lasting impression. It both symbolized the deterioration of order in Chinese traditional society and was in sharp contrast to principles of harmony. A group of local villagers rioted for food during a famine in 1903. The leaders were captured, beheaded, and their heads displayed on poles as a warning for future rebels. 10 Amidst the change that quaked the Chinese nation and Mao's family's economic situation, 11 Mao sought solace in books about Chinese history and its emperors. 12 He became known in his family as, the scholar. As a child [I was] fascinated by accounts of the rulers of ancient China: Yao, Shun, Ch'in Shih Huang Ti, and Hu Wu Ti, and read many books about them. 13 Indeed, the emperors grandeur, elegance and power were a sharp contrast to the brutish leaders that Mao was exposed to during his childhood. 14 Yao and Shun are credited with forming the first Chinese society in the Yellow River Valley; Ch'in Shih Huang Ti unified the Chinese empire and built the Great Wall of China; Han Wu Ti solidified the foundation of the Han Empire. 15 In the turmoil that China was to undergo, particularly after Mao became the head of the Communist party, we will see how he was guided by traditional Chinese values and the history of the emperors provided him with a map for the future. 16 However, at first, he did not seem strongly focused on history or philosophy. During the next ten years, 1909-1918, Mao drifted. In 1909 at the age of 16, he left home to attend school in Hsiang. 17 In 1911, he enlisted in the Army for six months after which he moved to Changsha the capital of Hunan Province where he stayed until 1918. 18 While in Changsha, he tried numerous schools. 19 Finally, he enrolled at the Hunan Normal School, graduating in 1918. 20 Mao's mother's died in 1918,

Beringian Standstill Hypothesis of the First Americans

Beringian Standstill Hypothesis of the First Americans The Beringian Standstill Hypothesis, also known as the Beringian Incubation Model (BIM), proposes that the people who would eventually colonize the Americas spent between ten to twenty thousand years stranded on the Bering Land Bridge (BLB), the now-submerged plain beneath the Bering Sea called Beringia. The BIM argues that during the turbulent times of the Last Glacial Maximum about 30,000 years ago, people from what is today Siberia in northeastern Asia arrived in Beringia. Because of local climate changes, they became trapped there, cut off from Siberia by glaciers in the Verkhoyansk Range in Siberia and in the Mackenzie River valley in Alaska. There they remained in the tundra environment of Beringia until retreating glaciers and rising sea levels allowedand eventually forcedtheir migration into the remainder of the Americas about 15,000 years ago. If true, the BIM explains the long-recognized, deeply puzzling discrepancy of the late dates for the colonization of the Americas (Preclovis sites such as Upward Sun River Mouth in Alaska) and the similarly stubbornly early dates of the antecedent Siberian sites (the Yana Rhinoceros Horn site in Siberia; for some of this discussion, see ORourke and Raff). The BIM also disputes the notions of three waves of migration. Up until recently, scholars explained a perceived variation in mitochondrial DNA among modern (indigenous) Americans by postulating multiple waves of migration from Siberia, or even, for a while, Europe. But, recent macro-studies of mtDNA identified a series of pan-American genome profiles, shared by modern Americans from both continents, decreasing the perception of widely varying DNA. Scholars still think that there was a post-glacial migration from northeast Asia of the ancestors of the Aleut and Inuitbut that side-issue is not addressed here, see Adachi and colleagues, Long and colleagues, and Schurr and colleagues in the bibliography. Evolution of the Beringian Standstill Hypothesis The environmental aspects of the BIM were proposed by Eric Hultà ©n in the 1930s, who argued that the now-submerged plain beneath the Bering Strait was a refuge for people, animals and plants during the coldest parts of the Last Glacial Maximum, between 28,000 and 18,000 calendar years ago (cal BP). Dated pollen studies from the floor of the Bering Sea and from adjacent lands to the east and west support Hultà ©ns hypothesis, indicating that the region was a mesic tundra habitat, similar to that of tundra in the foothills of the Alaska range today. Several tree species, including spruce, birch and alder, were present in the region, providing fuel for fires. Mitochondrial DNA is the strongest support for the BIM hypothesis. That was published in 2007 by Tamm and colleagues, who identified evidence for the genetic isolation of ancestral Native Americans from Asia. Tamm and colleagues identified a set of genetic haplogroups common to most living Native American groups (A2, B2, C1b, C1c, C1d*, C1d1, D1, and D4h3a), haplogroups that had to have arisen after their ancestors left Asia, but before they dispersed into the Americas. In a 2012 study, Auerbach reports that although there is variation among the five (admittedly a very tiny population) early Holocene male skeletons which have been recovered from North America, the individuals all have wide bodies, a trait shared by Native American communities today and which is associated with adaptations to cold climates. Auerbach argues that people from the Americas have wider bodies than other populations around the world. If true, that also supports the isolation model, as it would have been a shared trait developed in Beringea before people dispersed. Genomes and Beringia A 2015 study (Raghavan et al.) comparing genomes of modern people from all over the world found support for the Beringian Standstill Hypothesis, albeit reconfiguring the time depth. This study argues that the ancestors of all Native Americans were genetically isolated from East Asians no earlier than than 23,000 years ago. They hypothesize that a single migration into the Americas occurred between 14,000 and 16,000 years ago, following the open routes within the interior Ice Free corridors or along the Pacific coast. By the Clovis period (~12,600-14,000 years ago), isolation caused a split among the Americans into northernAthabascans and northern Amerindian groupsand southerncommunities from southern North America and Central and South America. Raghavan et al. also found what they termed a distant Old World signal related to Australo-Melanesians and East Asians in some Native American groups, ranging from a strong signal in the Suruà ­Ã‚  of Brazils Amazon forest to a much weaker signal in northern Amerindians such as Ojibwa. Raghavan et al. hypothesize that the Australo-Melanesian gene flow may have arrived from Aleutian Islanders traveling along the Pacific rim about 9,000 years ago. In an article released the same week as Raghavan et al., Skoglund et al. reported similar research and resulting genetic evidence. While their results are largely the same, they emphasized the Australo-Melanesian gene flow among South American groups, terming it evidence of Population Y, and arguing that the data support a long-standing theory concerning ancient Australo-Melanesian voyages to the New World. This model is over a decade old, but was built on cranial morphology and has not had genome support before this time. Skoglund et al. admit that DNA has not been retrieved from crania exhibiting the supposed physical affinities to Australo-Melanesians. See Was there Pre-columbian Contact Between Polynesia and America for additional discussion. Archaeological Sites Yana Rhinoceros Horn Site, Russia, 28,000 cal BP, six sites above the Arctic Circle and east of the Verkhoyansk Range. Malta, Russia, 15,000-24,000 cal BP: DNA of a child burial at this upper Paleolithic site shares genomes with modern western Eurasians and Native Americans bothFunadomari, Japan, 22,000 cal BP: Jomon culture burials share mtDNA in common with Eskimo (haplogroup D1, see Adachi)On Your Knees Cave, Alaska, 10,300 cal BP (see Perego 2009 Paisley Caves, Oregon 14,000 cal BP, coprolites containing mtDNA Monte Verde, Chile, 15,000 cal BP, first confirmed preclovis site in the Americas Kennewick  and Spirit Cave, USA, both 9,000 years cal BP (wide body form, see Auerbach) Charlie Lake Cave, British Columbia, Canada Daisy Cave, California, US Ayer Pond, Washington, US Upward Sun River Mouth, Alaska, US Sources This article is a part of the About.com guide to the Population of Americas, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Adachi N, Shinoda K-i, Umetsu K, and Matsumura H. 2009. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Jomon skeletons from the Funadomari site, Hokkaido, and its implication for the origins of Native American. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 138(3):255-265. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20923 Auerbach BM. 2012. Skeletal variation among early Holocene North American humans: Implications for origins and diversity in the Americas. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 149(4):525-536. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.22154 Hoffecker JF, Elias SA, and ORourke DH. 2014. Out of Beringia? Science 343:979-980. doi:10.1126/science.1250768 Kashani BH, Perego UA, Olivieri A, Angerhofer N, Gandini F, Carossa V, Lancioni H, Semino O, Woodward SR, Achilli A et al. 2012. Mitochondrial haplogroup C4c: A rare lineage entering America through the ice-free corridor? American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147(1):35-39. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21614 Long JC, and Ctira Bortolini M. 2011. New developments in the origins and evolution of Native American populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 146(4):491-494. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21620 ORourke DH, and Raff JA. 2010. The Human Genetic History of the Americas: The Final Frontier. Current Biology 20(4):R202-R207. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.051 Perego UA, Achilli A, Angerhofer N, Accetturo M, Pala M, Olivieri A, Kashani BH, Ritchie KH, Scozzari R, Kong Q-P et al. 2009. Distinctive Paleo-Indian Migration Routes from Beringia Marked by Two Rare mtDNA Haplogroups. Current Biology 19:1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.058 Raff JA, Bolnick DA, Tackney J, and ORourke DH. 2011. Ancient DNA perspectives on American colonization and population history. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 146(4):503-514. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21594 Raghavan M, Skoglund P, Graf KE, Metspalu M, Albrechtsen A, Moltke I, Rasmussen S, Reedik M, Campos PF, Balanovska E et al. 2014. Upper Palaeolithic Siberian genome reveals dual ancestry of Native Americans. Nature 505(7481):87-91. doi: 10.1038/nature12736 Raghavan M, Steinrà ¼cken M, Harris K, Schiffels S, Rasmussen S, DeGiorgio M, Albrechtsen A, Valdiosera C, vila-Arcos MC, Malaspinas A-S et al. 2015. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans. Science. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3884 Reich D, Patterson N, Campbell D, Tandon A, Mazieres S, Ray N, Parra MV, Rojas W, Duque C, Mesa N et al. 2012. Reconstructing Native American population history. Nature 488(7411):370-374. doi:10.1038/nature11258 Schurr TG, Dulik MC, Owings AC, Zhadanov SI, Gaieski JB, Vilar MG, Ramos J, Moss MB, Natkong F, and The Genographic C. 2012. Clan, language, and migration history has shaped genetic diversity in Haida and Tlingit populations from Southeast Alaska. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 148(3):422-435. doi:10.1002/ajpa.22068 Skoglund P, Mallick S, Bortolini MC, Chennagiri N, Hunemeier T, Petzl-Erler ML, Salzano FM, Patterson N, and Reich D. 2015. Genetic evidence for two founding populations of the Americas. Nature advance online publication. doi: 10.1038/nature14895 Tamm E, Kivisild T, Reidla M, Metspalu M, Smith DG, Mulligan CJ, Bravi CM, Rickards O, Martinez-Labarga C, Khusnutdinova EK et al. 2007. Beringian Standstill and Spread of Native American Founders. PLoS ONE 2(9):e829. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000829 Wheat A. 2012. Survey of professional opinions regarding the peopling of America. SAA Archaeological Record 12(2):10-14.

The Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Vietnam War - Essay Example The effects on the mental health of these soldiers has led to unemployment, drug addiction, divorce, suicide, and a range of mental illnesses. A key difference between the Vietnam War and previous wars was the intensity of the level of stress. War has always presented the combat veteran with a difficult situation in regards to stress. However, in World War II the soldier would engage in a battle that would last in terms of days. As the battle subsided, the front lines moved and combat ceased for a period of time. The battles lines were clearly marked and the enemy clearly defined. In Vietnam the soldiers faced a shadowy enemy with no front lines. They were in threat of losing their life 24 hours a day for every day they were in the country. There was no reprieve from the immediate threat of death. In past wars there were always cases of 'battle fatigue' or 'shell shock', but the Vietnam War redefined this as Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD) and its associated symptoms. While PTSD affects approximately 1 percent of the general population, it is as high as 15 percent among Vietnam veterans 35 years after the end of the war (Mollica et al. 2058-2059). PTSD in Vietnam veterans manifests itself through a variety of symptoms. These include social maladjustment, social phobia, guilt, difficulty controlling anger, joblessness, homelessness, and family strife (Frueh et al. 26). The Vietnam veteran is often faced with a lifetime of substance abuse, acute anxiety, and an inability to fit into a normal social setting. A problem that faced the returning Vietnam veteran was the negative attitude that society held for a veteran returning from an unpopular war. Army Captain Max Cleland, a soldier who lost both legs and was later elected a US Senator from Georgia explains, "To the devastating psychological effect of getting maimed, paralyzed, or in some way unable to reenter American life as you left it, is the added psychological weight that it may not have been worth it; that the war may have been a cruel hoax" (qtd. in Nicosia 159-160). This effect was even more magnified for the minority veterans who served in disproportionate numbers and came home to face the additional burden of racism. Limited opportunities for blacks after the war resulted in conflicting feelings about the brutality waged against the Vietnamese and resulted in rates of PTSD among black veterans that were significantly higher than among whites (Allen 55). The Vietnam veteran faced the difficulty of PTSD in a world that was unsym pathetic and ill-equipped to diagnose and treat the illnesses that the war had inflicted. The Veteran's Administration (VA) has been traditionally reluctant to recognize and adequately treat PTSD. The VA currently publishes estimates that indicate that as many as 30 percent of the Vietnam veterans suffer from PTSD, which is in excess of some other more conservative estimates ("How Common is PTSD"). However, the availability of resources has not been sufficient to meet the need. The American Psychiatric Association has reported that the reported cases of PTSD have risen by 42 percent in recent years, but funding has only been increased by 22 percent (Mulligan). The problem of under-treatment is also complicated by under self-reporting. Veterans may feel that if they

Effect of Bullying in Childhood on the Future of a Person Essay

Effect of Bullying in Childhood on the Future of a Person - Essay Example The difference between the children influences them towards such activities and there is an every chance to become an irresponsible adult. This is an unwanted scenario in the children and it has to be avoided to save the future of them and to carve them as a responsible citizen. There are some causes for the children to become bully. The family relations and gender differences as well as humiliations affect their psychology. The influences of the friends' psychology also attract the children and it affects their behavior as an adult. Another reason that affects them is humiliation through bullying. Some of them are being humiliated by the people in the environment and being bullied will be hurt and psychologically became more bully than the other children and they want to take revenge on the society. The above aspect results in affecting the behavior of the person in the future. Hence demographics can be taken as third variable that depends on parents, friends as well as all the peop le in society and decides the humiliation with which the child meet as part of his daily activities (Hee-Soon Juon, 2006). Hence, the variables considered are; environment, age, demographics The children considered in this paper are the ones investigated by academic researchers from Washington and Indiana Universities. According to a study, the children who are witnessing the violence at home become bully by themselves. The quarrellings between the parents or siblings influence the children and in turn affect their behavior as an adult in future. Lead researcher Dr. Narissa bauer opines that the children imitate the elders and they also want to behave like them and this brings out the reasons for the peculiar behavior in children. Hence, in this case the first variable environment plays the major role in children being bullied. One can have an assertion that imitation attitude in children may lead to abnormalities of their behavior in future and this aspect consolidates the fact that the environment is an variable to consider as imitation depends on it. Parents are role models for the children and as a result they follow their behavior. If once they believe or attracted towards violence they will walk in that path only to enjoy themselves. They may think that 'If daddy is beating mummy and bring her to his control I too can beat my friends and they also will become obedient to me and I can control them'. As a result the child turns to be a bully in the future and tries to control everything and everybody by bullying. The study came to conclusion that the 97% of the bullish children were victims of the home violence and as a result, one can blame the environment for bullying the children. The affect of bullying on children according to environment and age even considers the demographics as the affects are studied according to the people the children faced in their daily life (Alexandra Lupu, 2006). Bullish Impact on the Future of Children of Different Ages According to the study of Duncan B. Clark the behavior of children who are subjected to bullying is completely different than the other sober children and depends on age. They behave rudely in future if they are bullied in teenage and may turn into cowards or introverts if

Role of the Human Resource Manager

Role of the Human Resource Manager Executive Summary The following report has discussed about the role of Mr. John Edwards, Human resource manager of Reliance Communication Ltd. The report focuses on the responsibilities and complexity of a person who is performing the role of a human resource manager. Interaction of Mr. Edwards as a human resource manager with other departments of the organization and with people outside the department is also discussed. The report begins with introduction to human resource management and highlights its importance in every business. Introduction is followed by a brief summary of the company. The report provides an analysis of the role of Mr. Edwards, what his priorities are and what he should do to be more effective in his job. The report is concluded with key points discussed in the report and is followed by references. Introduction The focus of Human Resource Management (HRM) is on managing people within the employer-employee relationship. It involves the productive use of people in achieving the organizations strategic business objectives and the satisfaction of individual employee needs (Stone, 2008). The competitive advantage for organizations in the old economy centered on the financial capital and technology, the emerging economy has shifted its emphasis on investment in human capital, knowledge and the commitment of the employees. The focus in the business world has shifted from physical assets to knowledge and information capital. The effective management of human capital poses new challenges in the organisation for leadership and managerial capabilities. The human resource function has gone from the traditional hire and fire role to a strategic partner with finance, operations and other business departments that are not centers of profit for the organization. The job of HR, as is the job of all such departments, is to ensure that the business gets the most out of its employees. In another words, the human resource management needs to provide a high return on the businesss investment in its people. This makes it a highly complex function (Cascio, 1998). The following discussion is all about that is discussed above. Discussion will surround around involvement of Mr. Edwards in the company and how he is developing assets for his company. Company Profile Reliance Communications (formerly Reliance Infocomm), along with Reliance Telecom and Flag Telecom, is part of Reliance Communications Ventures (RCoVL). It is an Indian telecommunications company. Reliance Communications is a leader in telecommunications products and consultancy, a privately owned company with over 20 years of service to the business community, and with a reputation for integrity, superior implementation and support. Anil Dhirubhai Ambani controls 66.77 per cent of the company, which accounts for more than 1.36 billion shares. It is the flagship company of the Reliance-Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group, Reliance Energy, Reliance Capital and telecom initiatives of the Reliance ADAG (Company profile). Role of HR Manager Staffing: Key function of Mr. Edwards is to fulfill staffing needs of the company and it can be done in variety of ways, whether to use independent contractors or hire employees to fill these needs. It takes place in two three steps. First step is to identify the requirements of the company and what kind of requirements is being requested. Second step is to determine the number of people and the skills mix necessary to do the work. Final step is to recruit and select the people best suited for the job and then to train them to fit and work efficiently in the organization. Retention: one of his critical roles in todays environment must be to help keep, develop and motivate the good people with scarce skills. This, of course, means knowing who they are and making sure that sufficient time and attention is spent with them. He makes sure that employees are rewarded for performing their jobs effectively, so as to keep them motivated. To make them comfortable he ensures that harmonious relations are maintained between the employees and the company and to maintain a safe and healthy work environment. Managing change: The constant evaluation of the effectiveness of the organization results in the need for the HR manager to frequently manage change. Both knowledge about and the ability to execute successful change strategies make him exceptionally valued. He acts as a change agent, serving as a catalyst for change within the organization. He has achieved this by developing problem solving communication and influence skills. He Advise managers on organizational policy matters such as equal employment opportunity and sexual harassment, and recommend needed changes. Employee Advocate: He acts as an advocate to every employee working in his company, to makes them aware of every information they require. It is his duty to provide current and prospective employees with information about policies, job duties, working conditions, wages, and opportunities for promotion and employee benefits. Serve as a link between management and employees by handling questions, and administering contracts and helping resol ve work-related problems interpreting. Analyze training needs to design employee development, language training and health and safety programs (Dolezalek, 2008). Development: is a function in which his objective is to preserve and enhance employee competence in their jobs through improving their knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics. Other functions: Analyze and modify compensation and benefits policies to establish competitive programs and ensure compliance with legal requirements. Plan and conduct new employee orientation to foster positive attitude toward organizational objectives. Maintain records and compile statistical reports concerning personnel-related data such as hires, transfers, performance appraisals and absenteeism rates. Analyze statistical data and reports to identify and determine causes of personnel problems and develop recommendations for improvement of organizations personnel policies and practices. Plan, organize, direct, control or coordinate the personnel, training, or labor relations activities of an organization. Conduct exit interviews to identify reasons for employee termination (Hofstede, 1980). Responsibilities of Mr. J. Edwards Tasks What he Do What he Doesnt Do Skills Required Skills not Required Provide expert guidance, perspective, and support to enable managers and supervisors to make appropriate pay decisions Yes Communicate programs and guidelines to help managers and supervisors understand all aspects of the compensation program Yes Identify, collect, and analyze external market data in order to ensure alignment Yes Maintain the competitiveness of the staff compensation structure by reviewing the market trends annually and, when appropriate, making adjustments to the structure to reflect market pay levels Yes Evaluate and determine appropriate job family, level, title, exempt/non-exempt classification and salary range for each new position and for each request for reclassification Yes Hiring, supervising, training, monitoring and firing of staff. Yes Maintain performance management tools for each staff position on campus Yes Ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations Yes Effective communication Yes Ethical behaviour Yes Persuasiveness and the ability to influence others. Yes Strategic thinking and critical/analytical thinking Yes Organizational skills Yes Interdependencies Human resource manager works with different types of people and groups within and outside the organisations. Without interacting with these groups he wont be able to do achieve his goals with efficiency. Thus he is very much interdependent on these groups to bring the best out of him and the people his is supervising. Following chart shows the various departments he is related to: = outside organisation = within organisation Top management: HR manager links the employee with the company. If there is demand made by the employees such as change in pay structure, working conditions or resolving disputes between them, he gets in touch with the management and tries to resolve the issue as soon as possible. In return top management sets the guidelines and objectives which are to be followed by the employees. He makes sure that if there is any change in the guidelines for the employees, they are implemented. Sales department: sales department of Reliance communication is very big and have different branches. There are sales people who manage the sales process and there are others who complete the sale. Both the branches require people with different skills. Sales department will inform the HR manger about their requirements for personnel and it is the responsibility of Mr. Edwards to fulfill it on time. He may do it by directly recruiting people or if it is an emergency, he may approach any recruiting agency t o meet his requirements. Production Department: He maintains a constant touch with the production manager and provides him with staff that is required to fulfill the department. In this case it is his duty to guide employees of workplace safety and other safety measures. Marketing Department: Mr. Edwards play a very important role when dealing with the marketing department. He not only recruits people for them but also discusses the need of skills that are feasible for promoting the company and accordingly sets out the criterion for selection. Accounts department: he prepares an estimated budget, which will be required for the purpose of hiring and training new employees. In return he hires people for the accounts department when required. There are few interactions which are similar with every department. He takes initiative to motivate employees in every department and makes sure that he is in constant touch with employees who are facing any problems or having any issues while working. He sets up programs at regular basis to interact with employees of every department to know their problems and inform them if there are any changes required by the top management (Mujteba, 2006). Recruiting agencies: he contacts these agencies when there is an urgent need to employ people and it is not viable to go through the process of recruitment because of its time consuming feature. He will inform them with his requirements and in return they will provide with people of required skills. Conclusion The role of the HR manager must parallel the needs of his or her changing organization. Successful organizations are becoming more adaptive, resilient, quick to change direction and customer-centered. Within this environment, the HR manager, who is considered necessary by line managers, is a strategic partner, an employee sponsor or advocate and a change mentor. According to Dickson (1998), most important function of HR manager is to provide a support system to its employees; it can be emotional or physical. In todays organizations, to guarantee their viability and ability to contribute, HR managers need to think of themselves as strategic partners. In this role, the HR person contributes to the development of and the accomplishment of the organization-wide business plan and objectives. The HR manager contributes to the organization by constantly assessing the effectiveness of the HR function. He also sponsors change in other departments and in work practices. To promote the overall success of his organization, he champions the identification of the organizational mission, vision, values, goals and action plans. Finally, he helps determine the measures that will tell his organization how well it is succeeding in all of this. Managing people is one of the most difficult aspects of organizational management; it means dealing with people who differ physically and psychologically (Mendenhall, 2007). References: ïÆ' ¼ Stone, R. J., (2008). Human Resource Management, 6th edition. Pg. 3. John Wiley publication. ïÆ' ¼ Dickson, R. (1998). Huaman Resource Management 2. Retrieved from http://www2.prestel.co.uk/rossticle/essays.htm, retrieved on 12th August, 2009. ïÆ' ¼ Company Profile. Retrieved from www.reliancecommunications.com. Retrieved on 12 August, 2009. ïÆ' ¼ Cascio, W. F. (1998). Managing Human Resources. Pg 46. Irwin McGraw Hill. ïÆ' ¼ Hofstede, G. (1980). Cultures consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. ïÆ' ¼ Mendenhall, Mark E.; Oddou, Gary R.; and Stahl, Gunter K. (2007). Readings and Cases is International Human Resource Management 4th ed. Routledge Publishers, Taylor Francis Books. ïÆ' ¼ Mujtaba, B. G. (2006). Cross Cultural Change Management. Llumina Press, Tamarac, Florida. ïÆ' ¼ Dolezalek, H. (2008). Good Job! Training, 45(6), pp. 32-34.

Barriers to Critical Thinking Essay

Identify 3 barriers that influence your critical thinking and write at least 100 words for each, describing how you can overcome them. Barrier 1: The first barrier that influences my critical thinking is reliance on main stream television, newspapers, and other media for information. I feel this is a barrier many people have, especially in today’s society where it is very easy to upload something to the internet or how easy it is to edit information found on the internet. I am an avid user of google, however I have an issue with differentiating between what is actually true and not true in what I read. Some people believe everything they read on the internet is true, therefore being a barrier, and that is clearly not the case. In order to avoid this ignorance and to overcome this barrier we need to do our own research, check the reliability of our sources, and to use more sources than just one, i.e. internet, different websites, news stations, and newspapers, not solely rely on just one source. Barrier 2: The second barrier that influences my critical thinking is lack of relevant background information or ignorance. Without enough information it is hard to be a critical thinker, have thoughts on the matter, or base your opinion. With a lack of information you do not have the whole story, therefore having a gap in your critical thinking. An example of how lack of information could be a barrier is: you got into an argument with your sibling, your sibling told you parents their side, and without even hearing your side they had their decision made about what happened and the punishment. I feel that would prevent them from being able to critically think about it due to having a lack of background information, they only had one side of the story. To overcome this we can try to not rely only on the first thing you hear and to do our research and ask questions when needed to gather more information.

Reasons For the Bar Kochba Revolt

Killing more than half a million Jews and destroying almost a thousand villages, the Bar Kochba Revolt (132-35) was a major event in Jewish history and a blotch on the reputation of the good emperor Hadrian. The revolt was named for a man called Shimon, on coins, Bar Kosibah, on papyrus, Bar Kozibah, on rabbinic literature, and Bar Kokhba, in Christian writing. Bar Kochba was the messianic leader of the rebel Jewish forces. The rebels may have held land south of Jerusalem and Jericho and north of Hebron and Masada. They may have reached into Samaria, Galilee, Syria, and Arabia. They survived (as long as they did) by means of caves, used for weapons storage and hiding, and tunnels. Letters from Bar Kochba were found in the caves of Wadi Murabbaat around the same time archaeologists and Bedouins were discovering the Dead Sea Scroll caves. [Source:​ The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Biography, by John J. Collins; Princeton: 2012.] The war was very bloody on both sides, so much so that Hadrian failed to declare a triumph when he returned to Rome at the revolts conclusion. Why Did the Jews Rebel? Why did the Jews rebel when it must have seemed likely the Romans would defeat them, as they had before? Suggested reasons are outrage over Hadrians prohibitions and actions. CircumcisionCircumcision was a vital part of the Jewish identity and it is possible Hadrian made it illegal for Jews to practice this custom, and not just with proselytes. In the Historia Augusta Pseudo-Spartianus says Hadrians prohibition against genital mutilation caused the revolt (Life of Harian 14.2). Genital mutilation could mean either castration or circumcision (or both). [Source: Peter Schafer The Bar Kochba Revolt and Circumcision: Historical Evidence and Modern Apologetics 1999]. This position is challenged. See: Negotiating Difference: Genital Mutilation in Roman Slave Law and the History of the Bar Kokhba Revolt, by Raanan Abusch, in The Bar Kokhba War Reconsidered: New Perspectives on the Second Jewish Revolt against Rome, edited by Peter Schafer; 2003. SacrilegeThe second to third century Greek-writing Roman historian Cassius Dio (Roman History 69.12) said it was Hadrians decision to rename Jerusalem Aelia Capitolina, to establish a Roman colony there, and to build a pagan temple. A complication of this is the possible retraction of a promise by Hadrian to rebuild the Jewish Temple. References: Axelrod, Alan. Little-Known Wars of Great and Latin Impact. Fair Winds Press, 2009. The Archaeology of Roman Palestine, by Mark Alan Chancey and Adam Lowry Porter. Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec. 2001), pp. 164-203. The bar Kokhba Revolt: The Roman Point of View, by Werner Eck. The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 89 (1999), pp. 76-89 The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Biography, by John J. Collins; Princeton: 2012. Peter Schafer The Bar Kochba Revolt and Circumcision: Historical Evidence and Modern Apologetics 1999

Helping Target At Risk Youth Essay - 1285 Words

mentioned previously, this helps to target at-risk youth, this is achieved because the system is designed to reach those that do not fit in well with the current centralized system, which also targets those that have dropped out of school as well. Finally, there is a point to be made for the partnerships that are created in this program, specifically in student/youth and educator/mentor interactions. Considering there is surely an opportunity for â€Å"mentors† to pass along their expertise and knowledge in this collaborative environment, it should not be understated how valuable such positions are. In this case, the mentor helps one or more project teams find a project vision if they do not already have one, and then to help them realize that vision, and guide them along the way. They should be expected to pass on their knowledge of proper tool usage and safety measures while helping to show the importance of â€Å"failure as a means to success† is nurtured. Budgets and Planning. To begin with, the program, like the organization, fosters an open and collaborative environment for the process to take place. In this regard, it is, therefore, impossible for any one space or environment to be able to accommodate every conceivable project or application that is â€Å"thought up†. Therefore, certain perimeters and guidelines need to be established to assess costs with the program and help determine a course of action in future planning. As we are discussing costs, we assume there is aShow MoreRelatedThe New York City Police Department Youth Services Section836 Words   |  3 Pages For my youth program I have selected the New York City Police Department Youth services section. The NYPD has eight different tactics to approach youth ranging from at risk youth to youths who are thinking of coming a police officer. First, one of the most progressive programs the NYPD offers a cricket and soccer league, this league is for 14 to 19 year olds. 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Although parents and peers have a large impact on youth decisions to drink, marketing also has a significant impact by influencing the attitudes of parents and peers and helping to create an environment that promotes underage drinking. Alcohol companies focus billions of dollars on advertising their products and still claim that the effect is minimal. I pose a few questions that are; who are the targets of alcohol advertising? How does alcohol advertising affect the people targetedRead MoreStrategic Plan, Part Ii: Swott Analysis1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe business I have chosen to start is called P.A.W.S. (Pets Assisting With Students). The purpose of the organization is to help at risk youth learn to love and care for an animal, thereby gaining love and trust from that animal. In doing so the youth will learn how to have a connection with another living being. The hope of the organization is that the at risk youth will eventually learn techniques in dealing with real life situations without resorting to violence. * P.A.W.S. exists to helpRead MoreStreet Gang And Street Gangs950 Words   |  4 PagesLogan Hayes Mrs. Gallos English 3 21 April 2015 Youth and Street Gangs There is no definite term for the word â€Å"gang†. State and other local government organizations tend to create their own definition. The depiction of â€Å"street gang† is consistently intertwined with â€Å"youth gang†. However, the term â€Å"street gang† can mean two particular meanings that raise it’s face value. 1st, it proposes a common quality of gangs: They usually contain a street presence. Street socialization is a huge attribute